慢性肾衰竭住院患者透析合并肺部感染的危险因素分析及预防措施研究

Analysis of risk factors and research of prevention measures for dialysis complicated with pulmonary infection in hospitalized chronic renal failure patients

目的分析和探讨慢性肾功能衰竭(肾衰)住院患者透析合并肺部感染的危险因素以及应当采取的预防措施,为临床预防感染提供依据。方法 286例慢性肾衰住院透析合并肺部感染患者设为试验组,选取同期286例来院就诊的慢性肾衰住院透析无肺部感染患者设为对照组。回顾性分析两组患者的住院资料并寻找诱发肺部感染的危险因素,寻找合适的预防措施。结果造成慢性肾衰竭住院患者透析合并肺部感染的危险因素主要为年龄、卧床时间、侵入性操作、营养差、慢性支气管炎、糖尿病、吸烟,且两组患者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慢性肾衰竭住院患者透析合并肺部感染受多种因素的影响,治疗过程中应重视护理工作,给予患者足够的营养,尽量避免侵入性操作并积极治疗基础疾病,可以显著改善患者的生命体征和生化指标,值得临床推荐。

Objective To analyze risk factors and prevention measures for dialysis complicated with pulmonary infection in hospitalized chronic renal failure patients, in order to provide reference for clinical infection prevention. Methods There were 286 hospitalized chronic renal failure patients of dialysis complicated with pulmonary infection as experimental group, and another 286 chronic renal failure patients without pulmonary infection as control group. Hospitalization data were retrospectively analyzed for finding risk factors, so as to make proper prevention measures. Results Main risk factors of dialysis complicated with pulmonary infection in hospitalized chronic renal failure patients included age, bed rest time, invasive operation, nutrition difference, chronic bronchitis, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. The difference between the two groups had statistical significance（P0.05）. Conclusion There are multiple influence factors for dialysis complicated with pulmonary infection in hospitalized chronic renal failure patients. Enhanced attention to nursing, enough nutrition for patients, avoidance of invasive operation and active therapy for underlying disease can all improve vital signs and biochemical indexes in patients. This method is worth clinical promotion.