社会支持与大学新生学习适应的问题探析

Study on social support and learning adaptation among college freshmen

目的探讨大学新生社会支持与学习适应的关系,为在实际工作中促进新生的学习适应提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样抽取南通市2所综合性院校2014年秋季入学的新生,于入学3个月左右开展现场问卷调查。结果共获取有效问卷1070份;总体上女生学习适应水平高于男生,医科专业高于其他专业;多元线性回归显示:新生社会支持水平越高,学习适应越好,偏回归系数为0.277(P<0.01);社会支持与学习适应的5个维度均呈显著正相关(P均<0.01);此外,放任型的家庭教养方式及不良心理健康状况对新生学习适应有负向影响。结论提高大学新生的社会支持水平,改善心理健康状况,有助于促进该群体的学习适应。

Objective To explore the relationships between social support and learning adaptation and to provide research basis for promoting learning adaptation among college freshmen. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used and college freshmen from two comprehensive universities in Nantong were investigated. Results Totally 1070 questionnaires were collected and the scores of learning adaptation in female students and medical students were higher than others. Multiple liner regression showed that those who had higher score in social support got higher score in learning adaptation and the coefficient was 0. 277（ P〈0. 01）. There was significant positive correlation between social support and five dimensions of learning adaptation（ P〈0. 01）. Those students who had laissez-faire parenting style and poor mental health had more difficulties in learning adaptation. Conclusion The results indicated that constructing social support network for college freshmen and improving mental health can improve their learning adaptation.