邢台医专老年养护中心老年病科住院患者常见疾病及死亡情况调查

Investigation on common diseases spectrums and deaths causes among hospitalized patients in department of geriatric,the Elderly Nursing Center of Xingtai Medical College

目的调查邢台医专老年养护中心老年病科住院患者的常见疾病和死亡原因,为老年病的防治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月—2015年12月在邢台医专老年养护中心老年病科住院治疗的624例患者,比较男女2组患者所患疾病及死因构成的差异。结果邢台医专老年养护中心老年病科住院患者所患疾病排名前10位的分别为高血压、脑梗死、冠心病、肺部感染、糖尿病、脑出血、痴呆、上消化道出血、肿瘤及褥疮;男性脑梗死、肺部感染患病率高于女性(P<0.05),女性糖尿病患病率高于男性(P<0.05)。老年病科有99.04%的住院患者有2种及以上疾病,男性所患疾病种类数高于女性(Z=3.154,P=0.002);3年内有49.52%的病人住院2次及以上。老年病科住院患者病死率高达22.12%,男性病死率高于女性(χ2=7.107,P=0.008);死因构成排名前5位的依次为肿瘤、多脏器衰竭、肺部感染、上消化道出血及脑出血。结论心脑血管疾病是老年病科的主要疾病;肺部感染不容忽视,特别是男性患者。

Objective To investigate common disease spectrums and death causes among hospitalized patients in department of geriatric,and provide evidence for prevention and control of geriatric diseases. Methods 624 case reports of hospitalized patients in geriatric ward were retrospectively analyzed from January 2013 to December 2015 in department of geriatric,the Elderly Nursing Center of Xingtai Medical College. Then the differences of common diseases and deaths causes were compared between two groups of patients（ man and woman）. Results The top ten disease of hospitalized patients in geriatrics ward were hypertension,cerebral infarction,coronary heart disease,lung infections,diabetes,cerebral hemorrhage,dementia,upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,tumor and bedsore. The prevalence rates of cerebral infarction and lung infection in man were higher than that in women（ P〈0. 05）. The prevalence rate of diabetes in woman was higher than that in man（ P〈0. 05）. The percentage of hospitalized patients who had two or more disease kinds were 99. 04%. The kinds of common diseases in man was higher than that in women（ Z = 3. 154,P = 0. 002）. 49. 52% of the patients were hospitalized as inpatients for twice or more in three years. The death rate of hospitalized patients in geriatrics ward was 22. 12%. The death rate of man was higher than women（ χ^2= 7. 107,P = 0. 008）. The top five death cause of hospitalized patients was tumor,multiple organ failure,lung infection,upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and cerebral hemorrhage. Conclusion Heart and cerebrovascular disease were main diseases among hospitalized patients in geriatrics ward. The prevention and rehabilitation treatment should be strengthened. Lung infection should not be ignored,especially among male patients. Self-management of patients should be improved.