跨流域复杂水库群联合调度规则建模与求解

Deriving multi-reservoir operating policy in complex inter-basin water transfer-supply system

跨流域水库群系统结构复杂、水库数目众多,加之每个水库辅之以相应的调度规则,使得优化调度模型决策变量数目剧增,从而增加了水库群联合调度规则优化确定的难度.鉴于此,本文以供水调度图和调水控制线为联合调度规则形式,构建同时考虑跨流域调水和供水的复杂水库群联合优化调度模型,添加考虑供水调度图先验形状特征的形状约束,提出一种借鉴逐步优化算法(POA)思想的逐库优化粒子群算法(PRA-PSO).该算法(PRA-PSO)以基本粒子群算法优化原理为基础,逐步优化单个或两个水库的调度规则,以降低单次优化变量的维数,从而提高其搜索全局最优解的能力.最后,以辽宁省某大型跨流域复杂水库群联合调度为例,验证了模型的合理性和算法的有效性.

The joint operation of multi-reservoir system in inter-basin water transfer-supply project is a complex problem, due to its multiple objectives, complex structure and cooperated operation policy. A large number of decision variables make it very difficult to obtain the optimal operation policy. In view of that, a set of water transfer and supply rule curves is developed as the rule form based on the storage of individual reservoir in the system. The joint optimization operation model of complex multi- reservoir system is constructed with rule curve shape constraints, considering both water supply and water transfer together. For solving the optimization model, a progressive reservoir algorithm -- particle swarm optimization （PRA-PSO） is proposed in this study based on the principle of progressive optimization algorithm （POA）. PRA-PSO is based on particle swarm optimization algorithm （PSO） and gradually optimizes single or two reservoirs＇ operating policy on the purpose of reducing the variable dimensions and improving its global searching ability. Finally, a large inter-basin multi-reservoir water system in Liaoning province is taken as the case study to verify the efficiency and the reasonability of the proposed model and algorithm.