粤西南山地对粤桂边区天气气候的影响

Effects of Mountainous Terrain of Southwestern Guangdong on the Weather and Climate of Areas on the Border Between Guangdong and Guangxi

利用粤桂边区不同地域、坡向、高度的19个气象站、28个气象哨点、8个气候梯度观测站的有关气象资料和Micaps资料产品等,对该区域的天气气候进行了平行、立体的比较分析,并运用线性模式分析气象要素的垂直变化情况。结果表明:粤西南山地南侧,特别是东南侧,前后汛期降雨量大而集中,是著名的暴雨中心,其次是山地的西南侧;山地北部雨水相对较少;东北部则是少雨的干旱盆地。雨量随高度递增,自南向北减少,温度随高度递减,自南向北降低。夏季风迎风坡的温度、雨量分别高于和多于冬季风迎风坡的温度、雨量;大山腹部温度最低,冰霜严重。

With meteorological observations from 19 weather stations, 28 observing posts and 8 climate gradient observation stations of different areas, slope directions and altitudes for the region bordering Guangdong and Guangxi as well as related MICAPS products, we made parallel and three-dimensional analysis of the local weather and climate, and studied the vertical variation of the elements using a linear model. The result is shown as follows. The southern, especially the southeastern slopes of the mountainous area receive large and concentrated amount of rain in both the annual raining seasons, making a famous heavy rain center. Next in turn comes the southwestern and northern slope of the area, with the northern slope being a less rainy, dry basin. The rain amount increases with the altitude and decreases towards the north while the temperature decreases with the altitude and towards the north. Both the temperature and rainfall on the windward slope are higher during the summer monsoon than those during the winter monsoon. The temperature is the lowest in the interior of the mountainous area, resulting in serious frost.