当代社会网络谣言发展过程及影响因素探究--基于对“郭美美事件”的观测

The Development and Influencing Factors of Online Rumors in Contemporary Society——Based on Observations of the “Guo Meimei”Online Scandal

从"郭美美事件"可以看到一个网络谣言的完整产生和传播过程。通过观测和分析"郭美美事件"发现,网络谣言的发展过程一般可以分为孕育、高潮和衰退等3个基本阶段。网络谣言的产生以及在网上迅速发酵、快速传播需要一些基本条件;复杂的社会背景是影响网络谣言传播的关键因素;网络媒体的发展使社会谣言的民众动员力、社会影响力无限制放大;不良社会心理是网络谣言发酵的深层基础。遏制网络谣言的产生、扩散,应当针对网络谣言产生、传播的不同阶段,形成系统的干预体系。

Taking＂Guo Meimei＂online scandal as the research object,this paper examined the whole process of the development and spread of online rumors. Through observations and analyses,this paper found that the development of online rumors generally follows a basic law of occurrence,development and demise; and that the generation and rapid spread of online rumors require some basic conditions, among which complex social background is the key factor. Besides,the development of online media unlimitedly helps increase the public mobilization and social influences of online rumors; and negative social psychology is the deep foundation of the spread of online rumors. To curb the generation and spread of online rumors,intervention systems should be established to cope with the different stages of the development and spread of online rumors.