文化生态学视野下的海洋生计与文化适应——以海南潭门渔民为例

The Research of Marine Livelihood and Cultural Adaptation from the Perspective of Cultural Ecology——Take Tanmen Fishermen for Example

海南潭门渔民是一个以远海航行作业为主要生计方式的海洋族群。从斯图尔德的"文化生态学"观点和方法出发,考察潭门渔民的海洋适应与文化发展,可以发现潭门渔民的生计方式与海洋环境密切相关。海洋生态系统是产生潭门渔民特有的工作关系、生产组织方式、社会文化结构模式的原因。

Fishermen of Tanmen town Hainan province take sea voyage as their main means of livelihood. Taking Steward＇s viewpoint and method of Cultural Ecology,this article explores Tanmen fishermen＇s adaptation of marine life and their cultural development,and finds that their livelihood is closely related to marine environment. In a word,marine ecosystem is the main cause of such special working relationship,organizational mode,social and cultural structure.