肺部真菌感染实验室早期诊断方式研究

Pulmonary fungal infection laboratory study on early diagnosis

目的探讨肺部真菌感染的患者提高痰涂片镜检找真菌检查的敏感性和特异性的方法。方法收集2014年6月到2016年3月的痰或咽拭子真菌培养阳性患者89例。根据真菌涂片镜检的结果将患者分为阳性组和阴性组,并统计患者在疾病诊疗过程中痰涂片找真菌的次数。结果两组患者性别构成比和年龄均值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),痰涂片镜检阳性组在院诊疗期间痰涂片找真菌次数(10.32±7.37次)明显高于阴性组(3.29±2.26次),差异有显著性(P<0.05)。通过ROC曲线,痰涂片镜检找真菌3.5次时涂片镜检灵敏度为87.7%,特异性为72.1%。结论当高危患者诊疗期间反复查痰涂片镜检找真菌平均在3.5次时,具有较高的特异性,灵敏度也具有一定的临床意义,且此种方法简单易行,易于在临床上推广,进而有效地提高临床上深部真菌感染的早期诊断效率。

Objective To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of pulmonary fungal infection in patients with increased sputum smear microscopy find fungus. Methods According to the result of fungal smear microscopy,these patients were divided into positive group and negative group. The disease diagnosis and treatment in patients with sputum smear in the process of looking for the number of fungi were analyzed and compared. Results The gender composition comparison ratio and average age difference of two groups patients has no statistical significance（ P〈 0. 05）. The fungi number（ 10. 32 ± 7. 37） with positive sputum smear microscopy group during the hospital clinical sputum smear finding is significantly higher than negative group（ 3. 29 ± 2. 26）,with significant difference（ P〈 0. 05）. By ROC,sputum smear microscopy to find fungi had 3. 5 times smear microscopy sensitivity of 87. 7%,specificity of 72. 1%. Conclusion Through the statistical analysis conclusion,the high-risk patients diagnosis and treatment during the sputum smear microscopy for repeatedly fungi had 3. 5 time high on average. This method had higher specificity and sensitivity also has a certain clinical significance,and this method is simple. This method is easy to be popularized in clinical,and effectively improve the clinical efficiency of the early diagnosis of deep fungus infection.