考虑生态足迹和可持续的公共交通最优补贴策略

Optimal Subsidies Strategy of Public Transport under Ecological Footprint and Sustainable

以票价补贴、运营补贴和生态足迹成本为策略,基于可持续发展理念构建了财政预算约束下公共交通的最优补贴模型.上层模型是在有限的财政预算、运输容量及生态足迹限制下,获得最优的票价补贴、运营补贴及消化运输活动产生的生态足迹成本,实现社会效用最大化;下层模型采用Logit模型和用户均衡分配模型获得公交及小汽车的出行方式和路网流量,实现出行成本最小化.为了验证模型的实用性,构建了简单路网进行算例分析.结果显示:增加公共交通乘客的票价补贴,会吸引更多乘客使用公共交通,其效果优于增加公交企业的运营补贴;考虑生态足迹约束下,实施82%的票价补贴和8%的运营补贴其效用值最优.

An optimal bus subsidies model is proposed based on the concept of sustainable development under budget constraint considering the strategy of fare subsidy, deficit subsidy and ecological footprint. The upper model is to obtain the optimal fare subsidies, deficit subsidies and transport ecological footprint cost under the constraint of budget, ecological footprint and transport capacity. The objective function is to realize the maximization of social utility. The lower model is to get the travel mode and traffic network volume for public transport and car using Logit choice model and user equilibrium assignment model. The objective function is to realize the minimization of travel cost. To verify the model＇s validity, a simple road network is constructed. The results show that increasing the bus fare subsidies can attract more users to choose public transport, and the effect is better than that of increasing bus firm operating subsidies. When implement 82%of the fare subsidy and 8% of the operating subsidy, the social utility value is optimal considering the ecological footprint constraints.