哈大高铁沿线广义交通成本与土地价值增值分析

Generalized Transportation Costs and Land Value Increment along Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway

基于时间、票价、频次等多维视角选取哈大高铁沿线19个县市,对比测算高铁与普速列车广义交通成本,并延用广义交通成本探讨沿线城市土地价值增值的变化及其空间差异.结果表明:哈大沿线高铁广义交通成本远大于普速列车,沿线首末城市主要受城际时间与出行成本影响,运营频次为线路中间城市决定性因素;高铁广义交通成本与城市行政级别和经济实力呈显著正相关,副省级城市广义交通成本明显高于地级城市,地级市高于县级市和县域;普速列车广义交通成本总体仍与城市级别和经济实力相关,但部分县市由于普速列车成本低廉性、高频性及受毗邻大城市边际效应影响而更具优势;高铁对沿线城市土地价值远大于普速列车,以长春为分界线的吉林东部与黑龙江省土地增值强于吉林西部与辽宁省,哈长沈大4城市土地价值增值最为显著,营口、四平、鞍山、双城、辽阳次之,其他城市增幅较弱.

This paper chooses 19 counties and cities to contrast and measure general transportation costs of high- speed railway and regular train based on the multidimensional views of time, ticket prices and frequency. And then it continues to use generalized transport costs to explore the change of urban land value increment and its spatial difference. The results show that： Harbin- Dalian high- speed railway generalized transportation costs are higher than regular train generalized transportation costs. Generalized transportation costs of cities which are at the beginning and the end of the line are mainly affected by inter- city time and traveling cost. Frequency is the determinant factor of cities which are at the middle of the line. High-speed railway generalized transportation costs are significantly positively related to administrative level and economic power of cities. High-speed railway generalized transportation costs of deputy-provincial cities are significantly higher than prefecture-level cities. And prefecture-level cities are higher than counties. Regular train generalized transportation costs are still related to administrative level and economic power of cities generally. But because of low cost, high frequency and affected by adjacent big cities＇ marginal effect,regular train generalized transportation of some counties has more advantages. Urban land value of highspeed railway is greater than regular train. Land value increment of eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang province is stronger than western Jilin and Liaoning province. Land value increment of Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang and Dalian is the most significant. Land value increment of Yingkou, Siping, Anshan, Shuangcheng and Liaoyang is weaker. Land value increment of other cities is the weakest.