基于配载计划的集装箱提箱顺序和倒箱策略优化

Optimization of the Container Retrieving Sequence and Rehandling Strategy Based on Stowage Plan

降低倒箱量是提高集装箱码头作业效率的重要方法.集装箱提箱顺序对码头倒箱作业有明显的影响.本文在满足船舶配载计划的前提下,针对传统的最矮栈和邻近栈策略,提出优化栈倒箱策略,以倒箱量最小为目标分别建立3种倒箱策略下的提箱顺序模型,并设计了遗传算法对该模型进行优化求解.最后对10个算例进行t检验,计算结果表明,3种倒箱策略间存在明显的差异,并且规模越大,差异越明显.再与下界对比分析,探究造成3种倒箱策略差异性的原因,并且验证了算法的有效性.数值实验结果表明,最矮栈策略优于邻近栈策略,优化栈策略优于最矮栈策略.

It is an important factor for decreasing the number of rehandles to improve the operational efficiency of container terminals. The retrieving sequence of containers has a significant effect on the rehandling operation of container yards. By the stowage plan, the optimization stack strategy is put forward based on the lowest and nearest stack strategy. Retrieving sequence models are proposed, aiming at minimizing the number of rehandles for three strategies. Then the genetic algorithm is improved to solve these models. Finally the t- test for 10 examples verifies the obvious differences among the three strategies.The scale of examples is larger, and the differences are more obvious. By comparing with the lower bound,this paper explores the reasons of rehandling and the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results of numerical experiments show that the lowest stack strategy is better than the nearest stack strategy, and the optimization stack strategy is better than the lowest stack strategy.