高速公路生成建模与实证研究

Highway Generating Modeling and Empirical Studies

高速公路的空间形态是城际交通服务水平的重要体现,高速路网的形成和扩张蕴含着丰富的科学问题.为了探究高速公路的生成机制,本文以微观上路段的动态生成替代宏观上路网的全局规划,在局部的路段生长过程中引入生长规则,采用最短路确定生长节点,构建非线性规划模型,并运用一维搜索算法进行求解确定路段的生长方向,进而构建出高速公路生成模型.模型再现了高速路网的生长过程及涌现特征,如共用路段、枢纽节点.通过对比实际和仿真的树状结构高速路网,以及分析相关统计数据,结果表明,该高速公路生成模型能较好地描述和解释实际路网形成的内在机理和宏观现象.

The patterns of highway spatial distribution whose formation and expansion is rich in scientific issues exhibit inter-city traffic service level. In order to explore the generating mechanism of highway, the dynamic link growth at the micro level is introduced into the local formation of highway instead of highway network planning and design at the global level. Then the highway generating model is proposed, which contains the growing rules： the growing node is selected by the shortest distance, and the growing direction is determined by using the one- dimensional search algorithm after a nonlinear programming model is constructed, where sharing link and hub node emerge. By comparing the simulation highway with the actual tree structural highway, and analysis of related statistical data, it is found that the model can well describe the relevant characteristics of the highway.