基于新型城镇化背景的耕地利用与保护研究

Utilization and Protection of Farmland under the Background of New Urbanization

建国以来,中国城镇化发展经历了六个阶段,呈现出波状起伏、落后于世界水平、依靠政府推动、区域不平衡等特点。城镇化进程中土地利用存在"寅吃卯粮"、农村土地收益流向城镇、土地资源过度开发、耕地健康水平下降、土地政策基本取向难以实现等问题。新型城镇化背景下耕地保护必须有新思维:降低土地消耗强度,提高土地利用效益;建立与农业适度规模经营相适应的农地流转新机制;实施耕地健康养护工程,保障安全食品供给;制定涉地指标省域内跨市有偿调剂和"地随人走"的政策。

Since the founding of New China,urbanization in the country have undergone six phases,and showed the characteristics of undulation,falling behind world level,depending on government＇s promotion as well as regional imbalance.And there appear many problems with the utilization of land in the course of urbanization,including＂eating one＇s corn in the blade＂,flow of land revenue to cities and towns,overdevelopment of land resources,deterioration of the quality of farmland,difficulties in realizing the fundamental objectives of land policies,etc.Therefore,the protection of farmland under the background of new urbanization should refer to some new thoughts：reducing land abuse,improving the efficiency of land utilization,establishing a new mechanism of farmland transfer matched with the optimum-scale farm management,carrying out the project of farmland maintenance,guaranteeing the supply of safe foods,and formulating the policies of paid swap of land quota between cities within a province and the policies of＂lands traveling with people＂.