论跨境拐进人口犯罪的防治策略

On the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Cross-border Human Trafficking

我国在惩治跨境拐卖人口犯罪的立法方面还存在诸多问题,如相关罪名设置不合理,拐卖外籍妇女、儿童到我国不属于情节加重犯,对买方的打击偏轻,关于被害人的同意能否阻却行为人的刑事责任有争议等。对此,建议将"拐卖妇女、儿童罪"改为"拐卖人口罪",并将"将外籍妇女、儿童卖到中国"规定为加重处罚的情节,加大对买方的打击力度,规定被害人的同意不能阻却违法。我国在司法惩治这一类犯罪时存在案件发现难、调查取证难、相关外籍涉案人员身份核实难、遣返难等问题。对此,应加强国际合作,正确识别非法移民和拐卖人口犯罪的被害人,并履行好相关国际条约规定的保护受害人的义务。同时,国家应该允许非政府组织设立中介机构,为外籍人士来我国通婚和就业牵线搭桥;各国应加大法律宣传,发展经济,解决贫困问题。只有多方合力,才能从根本上减少此类犯罪的发生。

China＇s legislation aimed at punishing cross-border human trafficking is hindered by many problems. With an indepth analysis of these problems,this paper proposes to change the Crime of Women and Children Abducting and Trafficking into the Crime of Human Abducting and Trafficking,define inbound trafficking of foreign women and children into China as aggravated offense by circumstances,increase efforts to crack down the buyers,and prescribe that the victim＇s consent should not remove the human traffickers＇ criminal liability. Judicial punishment in China for human traffickers is not easy as it is difficult to identify the cases and investigate and collect evidences. It is also difficult to verify the identities of foreign victims and human traffickers and repatriate them. Therefore,China should be more involved in international cooperation,improve its ability to identify illegal immigrants and victims of human trafficking,provide comprehensive victim protection services to foreign victims. Meanwhile,China should allow NGOs to establish agencies to provide foreigners with information on marriage or job opportunities. Each nation should improve legal education and develop its economy in order to solve the problem of poverty. By tackling the root causes of the crime,international cooperation will make each country more effective in preventing and reducing such crime.