论老子所说的“无”和“有”

Analysis on "Non-being" and "Being" Said by Lao Tzu

老子所说的"无",有它的特指性和其内涵的特定性。首先是指宇宙生成之前的"无状之状,无物之象",是"道"之"大"的特征之外在表现。其次,表现"道"之"大"的特征的"无",和"有无相生"的"无",不是什么都没有,只是一般人的眼睛看不见,它是构成宇宙万象的极小微粒,实质是"有"。无和有,同质而异态,相生相灭,相互依存。老子是怎样见"道"、知"无"、晓"有"的?是由他特具的慧眼观,阅而得之。

In Lao Tzu＇s opinion,＂Non- being＂possesses its own specific meaning. Firstly,it represents ＂the formation cannot be felt and the truth cannot be indicated＂before the form of the universe. It is the external expression of ＂Dao＂. And then,this ＂Non- being＂of ＂Dao＂does not mean that there is nothing in the universe.However,it means that ordinary people cannot see it easily. It is just a very tiny component of the form of the universe. So its essence is ＂Being＂. ＂Non- being＂and ＂Being＂are the opposite side of a same object. They are born together and die together and living with each other. Therefore,how could Lao Tzu know the truth of ＂Dao＂,＂Being＂and＂Non- being＂？ He got it through his wisdom and observation.