中国高校自然科学博物馆人才培养问题思考

A Study on Talent Cultivation of Natural Science Museums in Chinese Universities

面对当前博物馆人才需求转变及培养途径多元化,高校博物馆学专业危机已然显现。因此,尝试打破现有博物馆学专业隶属关系尴尬、学科定位褊狭的局限,积极探索自然科学博物馆人才培养路径,成为当务之急。文章通过对中国高校博物馆学教育现状的理论分析,发现其不适应自然科学博物馆人才培养需求的原因主要在于观念意识和制度机制两个方面,并提出在树立正确博物馆学观念、建全人才培养机制化保障基础上,通过二元复合模式、主副修复合模式、通识模式培养文理兼融、学用兼顾的自然科学博物馆人才。

Facing the changing of talent demand and diversified ways of museum talent cultivation, the major crisis of museology is already apparent in Chinese universities. It is urgent matter to break the museology limitations of awkward affiliations and narrow positioning, and to explore paths of talent cultivation of natural science museums in Chinese universities. Based on the theoretical analysis of current situations of museology in Chinese universities, it is found that there are two reasons of concept and institutional mechanism not to meet the needs of personnel training in natural science museums. It is suggested that it is conducive to train cross-subjects persons for profession by binary complex mode,the master-minor composite mode,or general education mode,based on correcting the concept of museology and construction of talent cultivation mechanism.