异色瓢虫对日本龟蜡蚧虫体挥发物的趋性反应

Selection response of Harmonia axyridis( Pallas ) to body volatile of Ceroplastes japonicus Green

为明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)在取食日本龟蜡蚧Ceroplastes japonicus Green过程中虫体挥发物的作用,本研究采用Y型嗅觉仪测定了异色瓢虫对日本龟蜡蚧的趋性行为反应,并利用顶空固相微萃取和气质联用(HS-SPME-GC/MS)对日本龟蜡蚧(卵、若虫、成虫)的挥发性气味进行分析鉴定。结果表明:异色瓢虫对日本龟蜡蚧各龄期均有趋性,其中对成虫的趋性达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。在日本龟蜡蚧虫体挥发性成分中,共检出10种烷烃类、8种烯烃类、9种醇类等47种组分。选取其中两种含量较大的组份1-辛烯-3-醇和1R-α-蒎烯进行单组份趋性试验,结果表明1-辛烯-3-醇在浓度为10-4g/m L和10-5g/m L、1R-α-蒎烯在浓度为10-5g/m L和10-6g/m L时对异色瓢虫具有明显吸引效应,其中10-4g/m L的1-辛烯-3-醇和10-5g/m L的1R-α-蒎烯引诱率分别达到73.65%和76.41%,差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。上述结果为进一步研究异色瓢虫的引诱剂奠定了基础。

To clear the function of the body volatile of Ceroplastes japonicus Green in the foraging of Harmonia axyridis（ Pallas）,selection response of H. axyridis to C. japonicus was investigated by using the Y-olfactory instrument,and the volatile components of the scale insect（ egg,nymph,adult） were studied by headspace solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（ HS-SPME-GC /MS）. The results showed that H. axyridis showed obvious selection to C. japonicus in different instars,and the selective effect to adult reached significantly different level（ P 0. 01）. A total of 47 compounds were analyzed and identified,including 10 alkanes,8 alkenes,9 alcohols and so on. Furthermore,the two compounds（ 1-Octen-3-ol and 1R-. alpha.-Pinene） were selected from the volatile to examine their attraction power to the ladybug. The result indicated that 1-Octen-3-ol displayed an obvious attractiveness to H. axyridis at concentration of 10- 4g / m L and 10- 5g / m L,while 1R-. alpha.-Pinene did the same role in10- 5g / m L and 10- 6g / m L. And the tendency percentages to 1-Octen-3-ol at concentration of 10- 4g / m L and 1R-. alpha.-Pinene at concentration of 10- 5g / m L were 73. 65% and 76. 41%, which reached significantly different level（ P〈0. 01）. The results laid a foundation for further research on the attractant of H. axyridis.