大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪肥育性能及肉质性状研究

Research on Fattening Performance and Meat Quality in Large and Small Ear Strains of Juema Pig

本试验选择日龄相近的大耳系和小耳系蕨麻猪各15头,共分3栏,每栏5头,在相同条件下饲养。肥育130日后,随机选择大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪各3头,进行屠宰,对大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪的肥育性能、肉质性状进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)大耳系蕨麻猪平均日增重极显著高于小耳系(P<0.01),料重比显著低于小耳系(P<0.05)。(2)大耳系蕨麻猪肉大理石纹评分极显著高于小耳系(P<0.01);剪切力显著高于小耳系(P<0.05);两品系肌内脂肪含量差异极显著(P<0.01),大耳系蕨麻猪饱和脂肪酸含量较小耳系低,其中硬脂酸含量差异显著(P<0.05);必需氨基酸含量大耳系蕨麻猪极显著高于小耳系(P<0.01),大耳系苏氨酸含量极显著高于小耳系(P<0.01),大耳系蕨麻猪亮氨酸、赖氨酸以及风味氨基酸、天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸含量显著高于小耳系(P<0.05)。得出大耳系蕨麻猪肥育性能优于小耳系,肉质性状方面差异不是很大,仍需加强育种选择。

15large ear strains and 15 small ear strains of Juma Pig with similar ages were selected in this study,five pigs in each pigsty.After rearing 130 days,3pigs in each strain were randomly selected to be slaughtered.Then the fattening,carcass performances and meat quality were analyzed.The results showed as follows：1）The ADG of large ear strain was significantly better than small ear strain（P〈0.01）.The F/G of large ear strain was lower than small ear strain（P〈0.05）.2）The pork marbling of large ear strain was significantly higher than small ear strain（P〈0.01）.The shear force of both strains were of significant difference（P〈0.05）.The intramuscular fat content of two strains was of significant difference（P〈0.01）,which were consistent with marbling scores.Saturated fatty acid content of large ear strain was lower than the small ear strain,especially the stearic acid content（P〈0.05）.The content of essential amino acids of two strains was significant（P〈0.01）.The content of threonine of large ear strain was significant higher than small ear strain（P〈0.01）.The content of leucine,lysine,flavor amino acid,aspartic acid,serine,glutamic acid and arginine of large ear strain were all higher than those of small ear strain（P〈0.05）.It is concluded that the fattening effect of large ear strain was better than small ear strain.Little difference was observed in meat quality;hence breeding selection needs to be strengthened.