微生物发酵床猪舍垫料主要病原菌空间分布的研究

Spatial Distribution of Porcine Pathogens in the Microbial-fermentation Bed of Piggery

为了揭示微生物发酵床猪舍病原菌的空间分布特点,本研究对浸水垫料和不同发酵等级的垫料进行致病菌毒素基因的克隆,分析垫料中致病菌的分布特征。结果表明:在发酵床垫料中大肠杆菌是普遍存在的微生物,链球菌和胸膜肺炎放线杆菌分布也比较广泛。魏氏杆菌在发酵等级为ⅱ,ⅲ的垫料中含量低,在发酵等级为ⅰ和ⅳ的垫料分布较多,而在管理不善的浸水垫料中普遍存在。同样,副猪嗜血杆菌在发酵等级ⅲ的垫料中未见到,在ⅱ和ⅳ的垫料中较低,而在管理不善垫料中广泛存在。多杀性巴氏杆菌在发酵程度为ⅰ和ⅳ的垫料中未检测到,在ⅱ,ⅲ的垫料分布较少,而在管理不善垫料中广泛存在。沙门氏菌和丹毒杆菌在发酵床垫料中都未检测到。通过对发酵床病原菌分布的聚类分析,将病原菌分为三种类型:低频种类、中频种类和高频种类;将不同位置的发酵床垫料分为三种类型:致病菌种类少、种类中等和种类多样的垫料。

In order to reveal the pathogens in immersion pig litters and litters with different levels of fermentation,eight virulence genes were cloned and analyzed.Results showed that Escherichia coli was widely distributed in all kinds of pig litters,as well as Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus suis.Clostridium Perfringens was found in immersion pig litters and litters on fermentation levelⅰandⅳ,but not in litters of fermentation levelⅱ orⅲ.Hamophilusparasuis was not found in litters of fermentation levelⅲ,but widely distributed in immersion pig litters.Pasteurellamultocida was rarely in litters of different fermentation levels,but also widely-spread in immersion pig litters.However,Salmonella Lignieres and Erysipelothrixerysipeloides were not found in either immersion pig litters or litters with different levels of fermentation.By cluster analysis of porcine pathogens in microbial-fermentation bed,porcine pathogens can be divided into three types：types of low,medium and high frequency genus.Different location of microbial-fermentation bed litters can be divided into three types：litters with high,medium and low variety of pathogens.