关中地区地震灾害宏观人口脆弱性评估

Macro Population Vulnerability Assessment of Earthquake Disaster in Guanzhong Area

地震灾害人口脆弱性研究对减少地震灾害损失和提高应对灾害能力具有一定的现实意义。构建关于人口的生理、社会、经济三方面的指标体系,通过熵值法计算评价指标权重,采用综合指数法计算各地区地震灾害人口脆弱性指数,绘制聚类系谱图和地震灾害人口脆弱性空间分异图,对关中地区各区县地震灾害宏观人口脆弱性进行评估。结果表明:关中地区地震灾害人口脆弱性具有明显的空间分异性,脆弱性高的区域主要分布在渭河平原地区,脆弱性低的区域主要分布在秦岭山区、渭北旱原,整个区域脆弱性总体比较低;人口密度是地震灾害人口脆弱性的主要影响因素,并且综合其他因素共同影响地震灾害宏观人口脆弱性。

The research on the earthquake disaster population vulnerability had certain practical significance to the reduction of earthquake disaster losses and the improvement of disaster response. This paper had established an index system from three aspects of population physiology,society and economy,and had calculated the evaluation index weight through the entropy method,the population vulnerability index of earthquake disaster in different regions was calculated through comprehensive index method and our study had drawn clustering family tree diagram and spatial variation diagram of earthquake disaster population vulnerability. We had also assessed the macro earthquake disaster population vulnerability in counties（ districts） of Guanzhong area. The results showed that： the earthquake disaster population vulnerability in Guanzhong area had an obvious spatial variation,with high vulnerability areas mainly distributed in the Wei river plain and low vulnerability areas mainly distributed in the Qinling Mountain,and dry original of Weibei,and the vulnerability of whole area is low overall; the population density was the main factor affecting earthquake disaster population vulnerability,and had affected macro earthquake disaster population vulnerability combined with other factors.