2012年河南省恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

Analysis of cancer incidence and mortality in Henan province,2012

目的分析2012年河南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡情况,为恶性肿瘤控制战略规划制定、实施和评价提供基础信息。方法按照国际癌症登记协会对肿瘤登记数据的审核流程和质量控制标准对河南省18个肿瘤登记处上报的2012年肿瘤数据进行质量评估,计算登记地区人群恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率、累计率（0~74岁）以及前10位恶性肿瘤发病、死亡顺位和构成。分别采用2000年中国人口普查的年龄构成和Segi’s标准人口计算标化率。结果2012年全省18个登记地区报告新发恶性肿瘤39 807例,死亡25 544例。河南省登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为247.51/10万（男性265.48/10万,女性228.44/10万）,中标率为207.94/10万,世标率为205.52/10万,累计率（0~74岁）为24.21%。城市地区发病率为248.02/10万,中标率为205.27/10万。农村地区发病率为247.41/10万,中标率为208.70/10万。肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、子宫体癌、卵巢癌及脑神经系统恶性肿瘤是河南省登记地区人群发病前10位的恶性肿瘤,占全部恶性肿瘤的82.71%。2012年河南省登记地区人群恶性肿瘤死亡率为158.83/10万（男性185.26/10万,女性130.76/10万）,中标率为130.49/10万,世标率为130.21/10万,累计率（0~74岁）为14.99%。城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为156.53/10万,中标率为127.34/10万。农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为159.32/10万,中标率为131.32/10万。肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、脑神经系统恶性肿瘤、白血病及胰腺癌是威胁河南省居民的主要恶性肿瘤死亡原因,约占全部恶性肿瘤死因的88.44%。结论肺癌、消化系统肿瘤及女性乳腺癌是威胁河南省居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤,针对常见癌种采取综合预防措施是河南省恶性肿瘤控制的重要环节。

Objective To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality of Henan province in 2012. Methods On basis of the criteria of data quality from International Association of Cancer Registries（ IACR）,the data from 18 cancer registries were checked and evaluated in 2012. The incidence,mortality,cumulative rate（ 0 ~ 74 years old）,10 most common cancers and proportion were calculated and stratified by area（ urban / rural）,gender,age. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi＇s standard age population was used for age- standardized incidence / mortality rates. Results There were 39 807 cases of new diagnosed cancer and 25 544 death cases registered in all 18 cancer registries. The crude incidence was 247. 51 /10~5（ males 265. 48 /10~5,females 228. 44 /10~5）,age- standardized incidence by Chinese standard population（ ASR China） and by world standard population（ ASR world） were 207. 94 /10~5 and 205. 52 /10~5 respectively with the cumulative incidence rate（ 0 ~ 74 years old） of24. 51%. The cancer incidence and ASR China were 248. 02 /10~5 and 205. 27 /10~5 in urban areas,whereas in rural areas,they were 247. 41 /10~5 and 208. 70 /10~5 respectively. The cancer of lung,stomach,esophagus,breast,liver,colon and rectum,cervix,uterus,ovarian and brain were the most common cancers,accounting for 82. 71% of all new cancer cases. The cancer mortality in Henan province was 158. 83 /10~5（ males 185. 26 /10~5,females 130. 76 /10~5）,age- standardized mortality by Chinese standard population（ ASR China） and by world standard population（ ASR world） were 130. 49 /10~5 and 130. 21 /10~5 respectively with the cumulative mortality rate（ 0 ~ 74 years old） of 14. 99%. The cancer mortality and ASR China were 156. 53 /10~5and127. 34 /10~5 in urban areas,whereas in rural areas,they were 159. 32 /10~5 and 131. 32 /10~5 respectively. Lung cancer,stomach cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer,colon and rectum cancer,cervix cancer,brain cancer,leukemia and pancreatic cancer were the most fatal cancer deaths,accounting for about 88. 44% of all causes of cancer deaths in Henan province. Conclusion The cancer of lung,digestive system and female breast were the major threat to the health of residents in Henan province and the focal points of the cancer prevention.