儿童注意缺陷多动障碍影响因素的调查研究分析

目的探讨儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的影响因素,为儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的预防和干预提供一定的理论和研究依据。方法采用问卷调查和实验室检查,收集研究对象既往各种可能的危险因素的暴露史进行病例对照研究。结果病例组血铅含量显著高于对照组(P=0.000);而病例组血锌含量显著低于对照组(P=0.020)。多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,ADHD的可能危险因素有:家中有其他多动症患者,高血铅水平。可能的保护因素:血锌含量,双亲抚养。结论 ADHD的发生与遗传因素、抚养方式及血铅含量等因素密切相关。

Objective To discuss the influencing factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） in children, which providing theoretical backgrounds and research basis for prevention and intervention of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods The questionnaire survey and laboratory examinations was was used to collect all previously possible risk factors of history of exposure among respondents in 1：1 case-control study. Results After paired t-test, the results found that the blood lead levels in case group was significantly higher than those in control group（P=-0.000）; while the blood zinc content in case group was significantly lower than its in control group（P=0.020）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis shows that the risk factors of ADHD are： there are other ADHD patients, or someone with high blood lead level in the home. The possible protective factors are： blood zinc content, and parents raise. Conclusion The occurrence of ADHD is related to genetic factors, the way of upbringing and the blood zinc content closely.