四川秦巴山区水资源分布特征及平衡分析

Water Resources Distribution and Equilibrium Analysis of the Qinba Mountain Areas in Sichuan Province

四川秦巴山区是长江上游地区重要的生态屏障,也是国家重要的生物多样性和水源涵养生态功能区。在掌握该区域水资源分布特征的基础上,分析了区域内水资源的开发利用现状,并进行了水资源量的平衡分析,结合区域水资源分布特征和利用现状,提出了水资源可持续利用的对策建议。结果表明:四川秦巴山区的水资源量呈现分布不均匀的特性;区域水资源利用水平还较低,用水量在水资源总量中所占的比例还较小,从总量上看还有较大的利用空间;现状条件下,各分区供水量和用水量是平衡,但2020年,各市均存在月可供水量不能满足用水需求的情况,必须采取管理和工程综合措施对水资源进行合理配置,减缓缺水影响。

The Qinba Mountain Areas in Sichuan Province is not only the important ecological barrier of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,but also the important national ecological function areas for biodiversity and water conservation.After analyzing the distribution of runoff,precipitation and water resources of the region,the study presented the development and utilization situation of its water resources.Moreover,it analyzed the water resources balance and put forward suggestions for sustainable use of water resources based on the original water resources distribution characteristics and its utilization situation.The results show that：there is an uneven distribution of water resources in this region;the utilization of its water resources is at a relatively low level.The proportion of water consumption in the total amount of water resources is small,and there is still a greater usage space.At present,there is a balance between water supply and demand in all administrative division.In the near future（the year of 2020）,the available water supply of the Bazhong City and Mianyang City cannot meet the water demand,but water supply can basically meet the water demand or has a slight surplus in other cities of this region;there are more than six months which are short of water supply during the year,and it is necessary to take managing and engineering measures to allocate water resources and mitigate water shortages in these periods,with measures of strengthening soil and water conservation,promoting water saving and enhancing the construction of water conservancy projects.