美国研究型大学本科生科研中的师生合作及启示

Collaborations & Enlightenments between Teachers and Undergraduates in American Research Universities

美国研究型大学开展本科生科研已有近几十年的历史,并越来越受到更多人重视。师生合作已经成为本科生科研中必不可少的一部分,本科生科研中师生合作经历了起步、培养、角色转换和独立阶段,但同时在合作过程中教师面临工作负担沉重、学生面临科研机会缺少的困难。我国应借鉴美国成功经验,如扩大大学开设本科生科研项目的数量,丰富本科生科研计划的多样性,增强本科生科研的奖励制度。

Undergraduates taking part in the scientific researches have a history of some decades in American Research Universities and have attracted much attention. And the collaborations between the teachers and the students have become the essential part in undergraduate education. It usually experiences the following stages:starting,developing,role-switching and independent. Meanwhile,in the process of collaboration,the teachers could face heavy workloads and the students could face the opportunity absence. Therefore,we should learn some useful advice from them,such as:expanding the number of the research projects,enriching the diversity of research projects,and enhancing the reward system.