资源环境约束下的后套平原地下水可持续性综合评价

Comprehensive assessment on groundwater sustainability under the constraint of resources and environment in Houtao plain

后套平原地下水资源分布不均,人口和经济集中于城镇,地表水漫灌导致了土壤盐渍化,对地区社会经济可持续发展造成了严重影响。因此,评价地下水可持续性已经成为该地区发展规划首先要解决的问题。地下水可持续性可以直观有效地反映一个地区地下水利用程度,对地下水资源管理具有重要参考价值。以后套平原地区地下水开采面临的问题为出发点来选择评价指标,利用综合评价方法计算了评价单元上的地下水可持续性水平。结果显示,黄河南岸和东北部地区可持续性最差,中部北部地区可持续较好,地下水资源的开发潜力较大的行政区位于杭锦后旗和五原县北部,而磴口县和乌拉特前旗大部分地区地下水可持续性差,荒漠化严重,不宜再继续发展耗水产业。

Distribution of groundwater resources in Houtao plain is uneven with concentrated population and economy in the city and soil salinization caused by surface water flooding,which affected the social and economic sustainable development significantly.Therefore,a comprehensive evaluation of groundwater sustainability has become the prior task for regional planning.Groundwater sustainability reflects the groundwater utilization status directly,and is important for groundwater management.In this paper,the evaluation indexes were selected based on the problems caused by groundwater exploitation in Houtao plain,and the sustainability level of groundwater was evaluated using the comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that groundwater sustainability varies in different areas.The areas with the worst groundwater sustainability are located in the south bank of the Yellow River and the northeast of the study area,and the areas with relatively better groundwater sustainability are located in the north and middle of the study area.The areas with good groundwater exploration potential are located in the north of Hangjinhouqi and Wuyuan County,whereas groundwater sustainability in most areas of Dengkou and Wulataqianqi County is low with serious desertification;therefore,water consumption industry should not to be developed in that area.