盐碱地综合治理的工程模式

Model analysis about comprehensive control project of saline-alkali field

针对土壤盐碱化涉及农业、土地、水资源的综合问题。在陕西定边县堆子梁镇盐碱荒地整治过程中,利用蓄水、排碱和覆沙三项治碱压盐技术,综合设计了研究区农田、排碱工程、灌溉工程、道路和防护林等,构建蓄水和排水条件下水体与相邻土壤盐分运移规律和循环压盐机制,形成"改排为蓄、水地共处、和谐生态"的盐碱地治理新模式。该工程模式的实施,共整治规模约746.38hm2,新增耕地约667.42hm2。该技术的推广应用,不仅提高了耕地数量及质量,增加了经济收入,而且改善了生态环境,为重度盐碱地治理开辟了新的途径。

Soil salinization or alkalization is a comprehensive problem involving agriculture,land and water resources,as well as a typical ecological environment problem.Saline and alkaline land is important land resources,which is valuable in potential for the development of agricultural industrialization.There are large areas of saline and alkaline land with surveys in Dingbian county of Shaanxi province.Combined three alkali and salt treating technology of water storage,salt reducing and sand sieving,the farmland,salt reducing project,irrigation project,and road and shelterbelts project were comprehensively designed.The most significant method was that by breaking though the traditional models using the principle of movement of water and its soil around and the mechanism of salt cycling drainage to build up the new management model of 'replacing draining by storing,water and soil conservation and eco-harmony'.The results indicated that 746.32hm2 land in all had been developed,in which 667.42hm2 was plough.In this way,we find new ways to manage soil salinization or alkalization,increased the incomes and improved the eco-environment.