环太湖流域池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹汞的残留现状及评价

Distribution Pattern and Risk Assessment of Total Mercury in Crab(Eriocheir sinensis) in Aquaculture Pond around Taihu Lake

环境污染是否影响了大闸蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)品质的问题受到了人们的关注。环太湖流域是中国重要的大闸蟹养殖基地。通过对环太湖流域池塘养殖的中华绒螯蟹蟹黄中汞残留的调查,评估食用此地大闸蟹的膳食风险。于2015年9月在常州、宜兴、苏州和湖州的养殖池塘中采集35份中华绒螯蟹样品,用冷原子吸收测汞仪对蟹黄中汞的含量进行检测。结果表明:采集样品中总汞含量的范围为ND(未检出)~96.35μg·kg^(-1),均值为26.39μg·kg^(-1),检出率为88.6%,检测结果符合国家相关标准的要求。从采集区域的比较结果可以看出,常州地区中华绒螯蟹蟹黄总汞含量显著高于其他地区。雌雄中华绒螯蟹的汞含量无显著性差异。单因子污染指数分析显示,采样地未受到重金属汞的污染,处于清洁水平。人群食用风险评估表明,暴露的重金属汞对食用人群暂无健康风险。该研究可对该地大闸蟹的合理食用提供一定的参考依据。

With the economic development of the Yangtze River Delta region, people worried that environmental pollution will affect the quality of crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). Sampling crabs from Changzhou, Yixing, Suzhou and Huzhou aquaculture ponds in September 2015, the contents of mercury in these samples were determined using cold vapor atomic absorption mercury analyzer. The results showed that the concentrations of mercury ranged from ND (no detection) to 96.35μg·kg-1and the average value was 26.39μg·kg-1. The sample detection rate was 88.6%, in line with national standards. The content of Hg in Changzhou were significantly higher than that of other location. Depending on the gender analysis, the content of Hg was no significant difference. The area is not contaminated by mercury using the assessment techniques of single factor index. Human exposure to mercury via consumption ofEriocheir sinensis of Lake Taihu watershed was in a safe range by the THQ method results. Our results provide the current status of mercury in crab.