上海流动人口的基本状况和社会分化

The Basic Situation and Social Differentiation of the Floating Population in Shanghai

近年来,流动人口群体(主体为农民工群体)呈现全面社会分化。在居留意愿方面,流动人口群体分化成落地生根型、落叶归根型和漂泊无根型;在收入方面,分化成高收入人群和低收入人群;在教育程度方面,分化成高素质人群和低素质人群;在身份认同方面,分化成自我认同为新市民和自我认同为外来人员等。而户籍制度、居住证制度等是影响流动人口分化的重要因素。在流动人口的服务与管理中,应减少制度的影响与分割,从而减弱流动人口分化中的不公平性。

In recent years,the floating population groups(the main body for migrant workers)showed a comprehensive social differentiation.On the willingness to stay,the floating population is divided into migration type,back type and wandering type;In terms of income,differentiated into highincome groups and low-income people;in terms of educational level,differentiated into high quality and low quality of the population;in terms of identity,differentiated into self-identity for the new people and self-identity as foreign personnel,etc… and the household registration system,residence permit system are important factors that affect the flow of population differentiation.In the service and management of floating population,we should reduce the impact and segmentation of the system,so as to weaken the unfairness in the differentiation of the floating population.