翻译之后:美国现代诗人对中国古典诗歌的点化

After the Translation:The Creative Imitation of Chinese Classical Poems by Modern American Poets

自20世纪初以来,中国古典诗歌的英译成为影响美国诗歌创作的一个重要因素,表现形式之一就是美国现代诗人对中国古典诗歌的模仿。在各种模仿形式中,化取现有中国古诗译文的某些句子、词语或意象入诗颇引人注目。本文把中国传统文论中的"点化说"运用到美国诗人对中国古诗的模仿中,以卡洛琳·凯瑟和雷克思罗斯的作品为例进行文本分析,并讨论了"语际点化"的理论依据。"语际点化"的研究有助于了解中国古诗在英语世界的接受和传播方式,也能从文化交流角度加深理解中西诗歌的兼容性和互补性。

The English translation of Chinese classical poems has been one of the important sources of influence on American poetry since the beginning of the 20 th century,resulting in the imitation of Chinese classical poems on the part of some modern American poets.Among all the different ways of imitation,transplanting directly some lines of poems,patterns of expression or images into their poems is an eye-catching one. The theory of＂Dianhua＂in traditional Chinese poetics,or creative imitation,is applied to the study of the imitation of Chinese classical poems by American poets such as Carolyn Kizer and Kenneth Rexroth,with textual analysis of poems from each. A tentative rationale for interlingual＂Dianhua＂is discussed. The study will be helpful in understanding the reception and dissemination of Chinese classical poems in the English world after they were translated. It can also shed light on the inclusiveness and complementarity of Chinese and Western poetry with a view of cross-cultural communication.