基于辅因子化学本质及功能的分类与讨论

Discussion and Classification of Cofactors Based on Their Chemical Essences and Functions

辅因子是蛋白质或酶结构的重要组成部分,在许多酶的功能中发挥重要乃至关键作用。在科研和教学中,现有的辅因子概念及其分类系统不够清晰准确。本文从化学本质和功能上将辅因子分为催化型、载体型和底物型3类,并以若干典型的辅因子为例讨论辅因子的特异性及再生性等问题。

Cofactors are vital parts of proteins and enzymes, which play remarkably significant roles in the functional realization of enzyme catalyzing processes. However, in current study system of cofactors,the definition and classification are not clear enough. In this article, we suggest to divide the various cofactors into three major groups： catalysis-type cofactors, carrier-type cofactors, and substrate-type cofactors according to their chemical essences and catalytic mechanisms, followed by the discussion of several typical cofactor examples to demonstrate the specificity and regeneration of cofactors.