四川地区2013—2014年供血浆人群HBsAg、抗-HCV和抗-HIV检测结果分析

Detected results for HBs Ag,anti-HCV and anti-HIV of plasma donors from 2013 to 2014 in Sichuan

目的分析四川地区2013—2014年供血浆人群的血液检测HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-HIV阳性率与年龄和性别的相关性,为制定从低危供血浆人群中招募策略及安全供血提供依据。方法收集2013年1月至2014年12月四川地区10家单采血浆公司采集的111 816名供血浆者年龄、性别资料及血浆样品HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-HIV确证检测结果,比较分析不同年龄、性别的供浆人群的病毒指标阳性率差异。结果 2013年和2014年总体阳性率分别为0.58%和0.52%,抗-HIV阳性率由2013年的0.02%下降到2014年的0.01%;2013年和2014年总体阳性率随年龄增加呈递减的趋势;HBs Ag不合格率随年龄增加而降低,抗-HCV不合格率在41~55岁年龄段高于18~40岁年龄段,抗-HIV不合格率在18~40岁年龄段高于41~55岁年龄段;女性供血浆者总体阳性率为0.43%,男性为0.77%,女性低于男性;女性HBs Ag、抗-HIV阳性率分别为0.35%和0.01%,低于男性的0.67%和0.03%。结论女性、较年长的供血浆者为供浆低危人群,应该作为重点招募稳定供献血浆的对象,同时应进一步提高献浆前问询技巧,增强对高危人群的评估辨别能力,从而更有效的减少不必要的血浆报废,保证血浆采集安全性,促进采浆事业科学可持续发展。

Objective To provide a basis for recruiting strategy and cetfied plasma donation from donors at low risk by analyzing the corelation between the non-qualified rate for HBs Ag,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and the distribution of gender and age of plasma collection donors from 2013 to 2014 in Sichuan. Methods The information of age,gender was collected from111 816 plasma donors from 10 plasma collection centers from Jan,2013 to Dec,2014 in Sichuan,the tested confirmatory results for HBs Ag,anti-HCV,anti-HIV of their plasma samples were also collected,the difference of the positive rates for viral markers were compared and analyzed on the aspect of the age and gender of the plasma donor from different groups.Results The total positive rates were 0. 584% and 0. 516% in 2013 and 2014,respectively,anti-HIV positive rate reduced from 0. 021% in 2013 to 0. 006% in 2014; as the age increased,the total positive rate reduced in 2013 and 2014;as the age increased,the unqualified rate for HBs Ag reduced,the unqualified rate for anti-HCV in the age group for 41-51 years old was higher than that in the age group for 18-40 years old,the unqualified rate for anti-HIV in the group of age group 18- 40 years old was higher than that in the group of age group 41-55 years old; the total positive rate for female is0. 425%,which is lower than that for male（ 0. 774%）; the positive rates of female for HBs Ag and anti-HIV were 0.352% and 0. 006%,respectively,which is lower than male（ 0. 673% and 0. 027% respectively）. Conclusion Female and elder donors are donor population with a low risk,they should be recruited as an important and stable resource of plasma donors. Meanwhile,it is required to further improve the enquiry technique before blood donation, to improve the capability on evaluating and differentiating the high risk population,efficiently reduce unnecessary elimination of plasma,en-sure the safety of plasma collection,and to improve the sustainable development of plasma collection.