漳州PX事故原因分析与影响计算

Causative analysis and the influential evaluation of the PX accident in Zhangzhou

为了研究漳州PX事故原因及影响,预防同类事故的发生,收集了相关事故资料,通过照片简单介绍了事故现场爆炸情况;结合事故参数及实际情况对点火源、管道断裂原因进行了分析;同时,根据事故前检测到的管道运行记录计算氢气泄漏量,进一步研究爆炸产生冲击波对储罐区影响。结果表明,爆炸是由于存在残余应力的管道在测试中开裂,管内氢气快速泄漏,与断口摩擦产生静电火花引爆蒸气云;泄漏的229.7 t氢气爆炸对原料储罐的影响范围为427.03 m。鉴于爆炸位置与储罐区的距离远大于此,此次事故不会引发大规模泄漏爆炸事故。

This paper intends to provide a causative analysis and the influential evaluation of the PX exploration accident in Zhangzhou,Fujian,in hoping to provide some useful suggestions for further prevention from the similar chemical accidents in the future. It comes from such a critical need that we have collected the relevant information and data involving the accident while taking a series of photos of the explosion event on the spot and made a brief introduction of the circumstances of the PX accident. And,afterwards,we have made a detailed discussion precisely based on the likely involved factors and parameters of the actual situation,along with the various probable causes of the ignition source and the pipeline fracture. What is more,careful calculation has been done on the basis of the operational records of the pipeline and the testing and inspection ever done before the accident,particularly with the leakage of hydrogen.Further research has also been done about the impact of the explosion on the storage tank. When analysis has been done over the various situations which might potentially lead to the said accident,it has finally been found that the static spark derived from the friction between the rapid leakage of hydrogen and the fracture of the pipeline is the main reason leading to the vapor cloud explosion（ VCE）.Besides,the cracking of the pipeline in the tests due to the residual stress may also account for the explosion. It has thus made us believe that the shock wave produced by the explosion should also account for an impact on the storage tank,all of which pushed us to conduct a more detailed in-depth study. The research indicates that,the huge hydrogen leakage has amounted to 195. 5 t with the influential radius of its explosion on the storage tank space being over 404. 6m. However,in view of the distance between the location of explosion and the storage tank position,the accident may not have led to the large-scaled leakage and explosion. What is more,the final aftermath of the accident proves to be consistent with the official announcement of＂no material leakage＂.