丛枝菌根真菌(Rhizophagus intraradices)对玉米在3种煤矸石中生长的影响

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi( Rhizophagus intraradices) on the maize growth in the three types of coal mine spoilt soil

采用温室盆栽试验的方法,研究了接种丛枝菌根（Arbuscular Mycorrhizal,AM）真菌Rhizophagus intraradices（RI）在正常供水条件下对玉米（Zea mays L.）在3种煤矸石中菌根侵染率、生物量、矿质营养吸收和C∶N∶P生态化学计量比的影响。结果表明,RI与3种煤矸石中玉米均建立了较好的共生关系,平均侵染率为69%～76%。接种RI显著增加了风化和自燃煤矸石中玉米地上部干重,对新排煤矸石中玉米植株干重无显著影响。接种显著增加了3种煤矸石中玉米植株P的质量比和地上部Mg的质量比,其中地上部P质量比增加了69.5%～113%,根部P质量比增加了51%～66.6%,Mg质量比增加了25.6%～51.2%;显著调节了玉米C∶N∶P比,其中地上部C∶P比降低了43.1%～62.4%,N∶P比降低了34.6%～68.5%,根部C∶P比降低了33.3%～43.2%,N∶P比降低了30.7%～42.4%,符合生长速率假设,表明接种RI对增强3种煤矸石中玉米抗逆性具有一定的作用。研究表明,AM真菌对于增强玉米适应煤矸石基质的复合逆境,以及在煤矸石山上重建植被均具有一定的潜在作用,需进一步验证野外条件下AM真菌对不同类型煤矸石山生态恢复的实际作用效果。

The paper has done a greenhouse pot experiment in hoping to investigate the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal（ AM）fungi（ known as Rhizophagus intraradices,or RI） on the growth of maize（ Zea mays L.） growing in the three types of coal mine slagleft-over soil（ the recently discharged,weathered,and spontaneously burned coal mine slag） under the well-watering conditions of mycorrhizal colonization and the proper plant biomass,with the right nutrient uptake,in a portion of C： N： P stoichiometric. The results of our investigation confirm that the maize had high root AM colonization rates in the said slag soil,with their average infection rate ranging from 69% to 76%. In the experiments,we have done,the inoculation with RI tends to produce significant effects on the shoot dry weights of the maize growing in the weathered and spontaneously combusted coal mine slag soil,whereas the total dry weights prove to increase by 23% and 33%,respectively. However,RI fails to produce any significant effect on the dry weights of the maize on newly discharged coal mine spoilt soil. In addition,the experimental results of ours have verified the fact that the colonization by RI can help to increase significantly the P concentration of maize in the said three substrates while the concentration of Mg in the shoots of the maize and the P concentration in the shoots tends to be promoted by69. 5%- 113%. At the same time,the root P concentration tends to rise by 51%- 66. 6% with the Mg concentration being increased by25. 6%- 51. 2%. What is more,the inoculation with AM fungi proves to help reduce significantly the C： P and N： P ratios,with the shoot C： P being reduced by 43. 1%- 62. 4%. Besides,the rate of C： P in the root has been reduced by 33. 3%- 43. 2% with the shoot N： P ratio being reduced by 34. 6%- 68. 5% and the root N： P reduced by 30. 7%- 42. 4%. Further indication shows that,a potential effect RI may have on the increase of the growth of maize in the aforementioned three types of coal mine slag soils has been found by adjusting C： N： P stoichiometric and supporting the growth rate hypothesis. Thus,the experiment demonstrates that AM fungi tend to produce a great potential role for the growth of maize in enhancing its adaptability to the composite adversity of coal mine slag,which can help to provide a direct basis for the use of AM technology to reclaim such coal mine spoilt banks. Needless to say,further field experiments are needed to assess the practical effects of AM fungi on the vegetation restoration of such coal mine spoilt land. Therefore,the results of our study can be said valuable enough to provide a technical and theoretical basis for reclaiming and promoting the ecological reconstruction of the coal mine spoilt banks.