夏热冬冷地区城市公共空间微环境质量评价研究

The Environmental Quantitative Assessment of Urban Public Space in Hot-summer and Cold-winter Zone

为综合评价城市公共空间微环境质量,选取长沙市有代表性的城市公共空间作为研究对象,测量其热环境、空气质量和噪音水平,采用熵权法确定各指标权重并制订评价等级标准。结果表明:夏季两测区生理等效温度(physiological equivalent temperature,PET)值都较高,热环境等级大部分时间为"1";空气质量等级多处在"中等"。五一广场由于人流密度大、车流量多、商业繁荣等原因噪音水平高于梅溪湖。通过熵权法得到热环境、空气质量、噪音的权重分别为20.79%、50.03%、29.18%,即空气质量对城市公共空间微环境质量的影响最大。

In order to comprehensive evaluate environmental quality of urban public space,the authors chose the typical urban public spaces of Changsha as the research objects and measured the thermal environment,air quality and noise level,then used entropy method to calculate the index weight and made the rank evaluation partition standard. The results showed that the PET values at the investigated sites is very high in summer,the thermal environment level for most of the time is ＂1 ＂; most of the time air quality level is medium and mainly influenced by PM2. 5; noise levels of Wuyi square higher than Meixi lake because of flow density,traffic,commercial prosperity,etc; the weight of three factors is obtained by entropy weight method is 20. 79 %,50. 03 % and 20. 79 % respectively,air quality plays a major role in environmental quality of urban public space.