医疗损害技术鉴定中过错参与度影响因子实证研究

Empirical Study of Factors of Fault Participation in Forensic Expertise of Medical Malpractice

目的在医疗损害责任纠纷诉讼中,司法鉴定机构对于过错参与度的鉴定直接关系到法院裁判中确定责任的分担。而现行法律、法规、规章并没有为司法鉴定机构提供划分过错参与度的参考标准,在这种情况下,对影响过错参与度的因子进行实证研究具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。方法通过查阅北大法宝数据库中的裁判文书,结合实务经验,做出第一步猜想:是否存在"额外损害"可能是影响因子之一。随之,从北大法宝数据库里随机抽取了76份裁判文书,并利用统计软件spss进行分析。结果发现"是否存在额外损害"这一因子对于过错参与度的判定具有重要影响。结论科学地找出过错参与度的影响因子并加以研究,最终实现过错参与度评价标准的客观化,无论对于提升司法的公平性,还是缓和当前尖锐的医患矛盾,抑或是节约司法资源,都具有十分重要的意义。

Objective In the lawsuits of medical malpractice, the forensic expertise of the fault participation of medical agencies directly influences the court＇s judgment on responsibilities. However, the current laws and regulations have no reference standards for dividing fault participation. Therefore, the empirical study of factors that influence fault participation has both theoretical and practical significance. Method Through analyzing the written judgments in the database of Peking University judicial documents and combined with the practical experience, the author made the hypothesis that the ＂ extra damage ＂ is one of the factors of fault participation. To verify the hypothesis, 76 written judgments randomly selected from the database of Peking University judicial documents were analyzed by SPSS. Results The factor ＂whether there is any extra damage＂ contributed a lot to the fault participation. Conclusion In the author＇s opinion, finding out the influence factors of fault participation can be an approach to the standard assessment of fault participation in forensic expertise, which is important for judicial fairness, alleviating the sharp conflicts between hospitals and patients, and conserving judicial resources.