气候变化对公路交通的影响研究进展

A Review of Studies on the Impacts of Climate Change on Road Transportation

在全球气候变暖背景下,灾害性天气气候事件呈增多趋强趋势,所造成或诱发的交通气象灾害给公路交通带来极大的威胁,引发的经济损失和人员伤亡巨大,受到各级政府、企业及广大人民群众的广泛关注。综述了国内外大雾、暴雨(强降水)、低温雨雪冰冻、风沙等各类灾害性天气气候事件对公路交通的影响相关历史研究与现状分析,提出了相应的交通安全保障措施,探讨了我国尚少开展研究的领域,特别指出了我国今后需要重点关注的研究方向及发展趋势。

Under the background of global warming, the disastrous weather and climate events present an increasing trend, and have caused traffic meteorological disasters and brought a great threat to the road transportation. Meanwhile, the disasters have caused serious economic losses and casualties. Therefore, much attention from all levels of government, enterprises and the broad masses of people has been attracted. In this paper, the impacts of disastrous weather and climate, such as fog, rainstorm（extreme precipitation）,snow and ice and sandstorm, on road transportation are reviewed. Some corresponding measures for traffic safety are presented.Relative research areas, especially those being studied little in our country are discussed. In particular, the research direction and development trend of Chinese demands to focus in the future are put forward. We have aimed at providing reference for future research and practices of disaster prevention and mitigation.