建立年幼儿童哮喘诊断标准及预测工具的探索

Diagnostic criteria and predictive tools for asthma in preschool-aged children

与其他年龄段儿童相比，年幼儿童是发生哮喘的高危年龄段。由于临床表现非特异、喘息表型多样、辅助检查难以实施等原因，年幼儿童哮喘的诊断对临床医师而言存在一定困难。近二十年来，国内外对年幼儿童诊断标准及预测工具的探索从未停止，而我国也亟需建立起年幼儿童哮喘的诊断标准。该文综述国内外建立年幼儿童哮喘诊断标准及预测工具的过程，为建立我国新的年幼儿童哮喘诊断标准及预测工具提供参考。

Preschool-aged children are more likely to be diagnosed with asthma compared with elder children or adolescents. Diagnosis might be a great challenge for clinical physicians due to its specialties in symptom patterns, phenotype classifications and difficulties to apply measurements. For decades researches based on the diagnosis and prediction of asthma in preschool-aged children have never been stopped,meanwhile efforts should be made on the development of the diagnostic criteria for Chinese preschool-aged children. This article places spotlight on the development of diagnosis and prediction of asthma in early childhood throughout the world, thus provide references for the establishment of the diagnostic criteria for Chinese preschool-aged children.