2011-2014年浙江省其他感染性腹泻病发病及病原分析

Epidemiology and etiology of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Zhejiang,2011-2014

目的掌握其他感染性腹泻病发病及肠道病原流行特征。方法收集2011年1月至2014年12月浙江省其他感染性腹泻病的发病数据及有病原学报告的个案资料,以X11方法进行发病及病原数据的季节因子提取,并进行发病与病原的季节因子的关联分析。结果浙江省其他感染性腹泻病存在夏季和冬季两个发病高峰,≤3岁组幼儿发病占所有病例比例约为50%;≤4岁组幼儿的发病高峰位于冬季,≥15岁组人群发病高峰在夏季,其余人群发病高峰不明显;报告的病原主要为轮状病毒(94.82%),其中轮状病毒和诺如病毒的发病高峰在冬季,其他病原的高峰出现在夏秋季;≤7岁组儿童发病季节模式与轮状病毒季节模式一致,≥9岁组人群发病模式与细菌类病原季节模式一致。结论≤3岁组儿童是主要发病人群,不同年龄段人群感染病原谱及发病季节模式不同,应根据其不同特征分类进行防制。

Objective To understand the epidemiology and etiology of infectious diarrheal diseases（ other than cholera,dysentery,typhoid and paratyphoid）. Methods The epidemiological data of other infectious diarrheal diseases and etiological data of some cases reported in Zhejiang province from January 2011 to December 2014 were collected. The seasonal factors of the epidemiological data and etiological data were extracted by using X11 procedure. The correlation between the two seasonal factors were analyzed. Results There were two annual incidence peaks of other infectious diarrheal diseases,one was in summer and another one was in winter. The cases in children aged 〈 4 years accounted for 50%. The incidence peak in age group 〈 5 years was in winter,and the incidence peak in age group 〉 14 years was in summer,but the incidence peaks in other age groups were not obvious. Rotavirus was the major pathogen（ 94. 82%）. The incidence peaks of Rotavirus and Norovirus infections were in winter,but the incidence peak of other pathogens were in summer. The seasonal incidence pattern in age group 〈 8 years was consistent with the seasonal incidence pattern of Rotavirus infection,and the seasonal incidence pattern in age group 〉 8 years was consistent with the incidence pattern of bacterial infection. Conclusion Children aged 〈 4 years were at high risk for other infectious diarrheal diseases. It is necessary to conduct targeted prevention and control according to the different pathogen spectrums and seasonal incidence patterns of other infectious diarrheal diseases.