城市住区中的“菜园”现象、邻里矛盾及对策探讨--基于对杭州市古荡街道的调查

Study on the Phenomenon of Space Transformation from Greenland to Vegetable Plots and Resulting Conflicts in Urban Residential Areas: Case of Hangzhou Gudang Residential Area

我国快速城镇化背景下,城市住区内却出现了部分公共绿地被开垦为"菜园"的现象,由此引发了不少邻里矛盾。本文以杭州市古荡街道所辖三个社区为例,通过对种菜点的现场勘察总结其空间特征及形式,对种菜居民、不种菜居民、社区管理者进行深度调查访谈,分析种菜居民的社会特征,从居民内部需求和外部制度环境的视角探讨这一空间现象的内外部成因,进而从行为认同度、资源共享度和负外部性三个维度剖析了相关群体间矛盾冲突的根源。最后,鉴于城市菜园存在的现实意义和实际发挥的多样化功能,提出有必要探索城市菜园的未来存在形式、制度化管理导向及城乡规划的作用,并提出了近期可采取的相关策略。

Under the background of China＇s accelerating urbanization, public green space in some urban residential areas were somehow transformed to vegetable plots recently, which caused contradictions in the process of such spatial transformation among different interest groups, people who grow vegetables, people against it and community officers. Hangzhou Gudang Residential Area, including three communities was taken as a case study. First of all, we generalized the spatial distribution, features and forms of these vegetable plots in this area. Based on the investigations and interviews to residents and community officers in Gudang, we explained why the phenomenon occurred from the internal and external mechanism. Then, the cause of the conflicts was analysed from three dimensions, which are different understandings, resources sharing and negative externalities. We argued that proper institutional arrangements could alleviate the conflicts. The vegetable gardens should be brought into institutionalized management and be included in the framework of urban planning. At last, we put forward some countermeasure which can be taken recently.