农民合作社与精准扶贫协同发展机制构建：理论逻辑与实践路径

Construction of Cooperative Development Mechanism of Farmers' cooperatives and precision poverty alleviation: Theoretical Logic and Practical Path

农民合作社的制度安排具有益贫性的显著特征,这使其能够成为精准扶贫与精准脱贫的理想载体。农民合作社产权制度和治理结构不合理的根本原因在于普通农户无股权,使合作社与普通农户之间难以建立起紧密的利益联结机制。整合国家财政扶贫资源与合作社进行对接,再吸纳贫困农户的自有资源,一方面有助于依托合作社推动建立产业扶贫、资产收益扶贫、合作金融扶贫与农业科技扶贫相结合的精准扶贫体制机制,另一方面也有利于提高贫困农户在合作社中的股权份额,改善合作社的产权构成,使贫困农户能够更好地参与合作组织并逐步提升合作自治能力,推动合作社进一步完善治理结构,走上转型升级与可持续发展的道路。

The institutional arrangement of farmers' cooperative has the remarkable characteristics of benefits for the poor,which enables cooperatives to become the ideal carrier for precision poverty elimination. Then the fundamental reason why the farmers' cooperative has no reasonable property rights and governance structure is that the ordinary farmers have no ownership,which makes it difficult to establish a close interest connection mechanism between cooperatives and ordinary farmers. While,integrating the national financial resources of poverty alleviation and cooperatives,absorbing the resources of the poor farmers will help to establish precision poverty alleviation mechanism on the basis of cooperatives,which combines the industrial poverty alleviation,assets poverty alleviation,cooperative financial poverty alleviation and agricultural technology poverty alleviation. What's more,it helps to increase the equity share of the poor farmers in cooperatives and improve the property rights of cooperatives,which enable the poor farmers to participate in cooperatives better and gradually improve farmers' autonomy and cooperation. As a result,cooperatives' governance structure can be improved,which will benefit for cooperatives' upgrading and sustainable development.