新型采样仪——多功能呼吸同步采样仪研制报告

A report on the preparation of a new-type sampler-multi-functional breath synchronous sampler

目的 研制一种多用途 ,更能反映人体实际接触或吸入尘毒水平的采样仪。方法 依据人在尘、毒作业环境中活动 ,头部就相当于一个采样器的原理 ,直接将采样头置于人体口鼻部 ,利用人体吸气作为抽气动力进行采样。结果 现场采样位置能随人体作业而随意改变 ,与呼吸同步 ,为非等动力采样 ,采样体积能随劳动强度变化而改变 ,采样效率高。根据获得的肺通气量和粉尘浓度 ,并利用游离SiO2 含量等数据 ,还可进行体力劳动强度分级和粉尘作业危害程度分级。结论 该仪器是一种具有多种功能的采样仪 ,采样效率符合人体实际接触或吸入尘毒量 ,在监测与剂量 反应 (效应 )关系研究中 ,值得大力推广和应用。

Objective To prepare a new multi functional sampler,which can better reflect the level of dust and chemical substance inhaled by exposed human bodies.Methods The multi functional breath synchronous sampler(MFBSS)was designed based on the principles that workers head,just like a sampler,moves with his or her working activity in the workshop,so a sampler directly placed on his or her nose and mouth could pump air samples into the sampler with his or her breath synchronously without any power.Results The air concentrations of dust and chemical substance and dust dispersion in the workshop could be determined according to workers ventilation.Also,the classifications of the intensity of workers physical activity and hazard degree of dust in the working environment could be estimated based on the data of free silica concentrations.Conclusions The MFBSS is an efficient instrument,which can be used to estimate their actually inhaled doses of dust and chemical substance in the environment the workers exposed to.It is worth being widely applied to monitor and study the relationship between dose of dust and chemical exposure and their response.