脱氢枞醇丁烯二酸单酯的合成及助焊性能研究

Synthesis and Soldering Ability of Maleic Acid Monodehydroabietyl Ester

以脱氢枞酸和顺丁烯二酸酐为基本原料,先将脱氢枞酸经氢化铝锂还原为脱氢枞醇,再与顺丁烯二酸酐反应得到脱氢枞醇丁烯二酸单酯,并通过傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及质谱对产物进行表征。将脱氢枞醇丁烯二酸单酯配制成质量分数为25%的液体助焊剂,测试了助焊剂的物理性能,同时采用扩展率试验法研究了其对3种钎料Sn37Pb、Sn0.7Cu及Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu的助焊性能。结果表明,脱氢枞醇丁烯二酸单酯质量分数为25%的液体助焊剂在物理稳定性、干燥度、铜板腐蚀性以及焊后表面绝缘电阻等方面均符合相关标准要求,对3种钎料Sn37Pb、Sn0.7Cu及Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu的扩展率分别为76.6%、81.6%和75.3%,助焊活性均高于相同条件下的精制氢化松香助焊剂,并且钎焊Sn37Pb和Sn0.7Cu钎料时的焊点形貌规则,表面光亮无凹坑,明显优于精制氢化松香。

Maleic acid monodehydroabietyl ester（ MAMDE） was synthesized with dehydroabietic acid and maleic anhydride as starting materials. And the structure of MAMDE was characterized by means of ATR-FTIR,～1H NMR and MS. Dehydroabietic acid was transformed into dehydroabietic alcohol through LiAlH4 reduction reaction,and the MAMDE was obtained after the dehydroabietic alcohol reacted with maleic anhydride. The physical performance of MAMDE based flux（ 25% content） was tested and the soldering ability to Sn37 Pb,Sn0. 7Cu and Sn3. 0Ag0. 5Cu solder alloys were studied by using the spreading ratio method. The results showed that the physical stability,dryness and corrosivity to copper plate of MAMDE based flux,and the surface insulation resistance after welding were all met the standard, the expansion rates of Sn37Pb, Sn0. 7Cu and Sn3. 0Ag0. 5Cu were 76. 6%,81. 6% and 75. 3%,and the soldering ability was better than refined hydrogenated rosin（ RHR）based flux under the same condition. Sn37 Pb and Sn0. 7Cu solder alloys showed neater and brighter welding spots by using the MAMDE based flux compared to those by using refined hydrogenated rosin.