电力牵引货运列车节能运行研究(一):目标速度曲线优化

Energy-efficient Operation of Electric Freight Trains-Part I:Speed Profile Optimization

列车运行是典型的非线性、多约束、多目标复杂时变过程,其目标速度曲线优化是目前制约国内外节能运行控制工程应用的主要瓶颈。本文以电力牵引的货运列车为对象,采用数学推理、逻辑分析及软件仿真相结合的方法,提出一种新的目标速度曲线节能运行优化(简称优化,下同)算法,并采用逐步深入的方式进行介绍。提出能耗敏感度和全要素能耗机理集总模型的概念,用以表征优化过程中需要优先考虑的要素集;针对平直道简化了已有的最优惰行关系的证明;证明了缓坡区段匀速运行的最优性,得到了对于含有缓坡线路模态切换点的确定方法;针对陡坡区段介绍了等效匀速优化算法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够在较复杂的线路条件下实现高效优化,且计算速度较快。

Train control is a typical complex time-varying process with nonlinear,multi-constraint,and multiobjective characteristics.Its speed profile optimization is currently a major bottleneck that restricts the engineering application of energy-efficient train control technology.This paper proposed a new speed profile optimization algorithm for freight train with electric locomotive by means of mathematical reasoning,logic analysis and software simulation.Firstly,the paper proposed the concept of lumped model of energy consumption sensitivity and total factor energy consumption mechanism,so as to show the importance of these factors during the optimization process.Secondly,the paper simplified the calculation of breaking point in level track.Thirdly,it proved the optimality of speed holding in the transition slope track,and obtained the method for determining the mode switching points of lines with transition slope.Finally,it introduced the average speed equivalent holding algorithm for steep slope track.Simulation based on the total factor lumped model of energy consumption proved efficient optimization and faster calculation speed of the proposed algorithm.