心脏康复及社会支持与冠状动脉搭桥术后患者生活质量的相关性研究

Effects of cardiac rehabilitation and social support on the quality of life of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting

目的观察心脏康复及社会支持对冠状动脉搭桥术后患者生活质量的影响。方法 42例拟行冠状动脉搭桥术的患者随机分为康复组(n=22)和对照组(n=20)。康复组于手术前、后均给予逐渐递增的运动和适当的心理干预治疗,对照组采取常规治疗;术后2组均接受社会支持评定量表及简易医学问卷调查;2组均于手术前、后采用健康调查简表(SF-36)、6 min步行距离(6MWD)来评估患者生活质量的改善情况。结果康复组SF-36中躯体功能、一般健康状况、精力、情感职能和心理健康与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),康复组6MWD明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。患者的社会支持与活力、社会功能、情感角色,心理健康与SF-36总分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论心脏康复可以提高重症冠心病患者冠状动脉搭桥术后的生活质量,同时社会支持与冠状动脉搭桥术后患者生活质量密切相关,患者获得更多的社会支持有利于减轻生理和心理的不良反应。

Objective To observe the effects of rehabilitation intervention and social support on the quality of life（QOL） of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods Forty-two hospitalized patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting（ CABG） were randomly assigned to cardiac rehabilitation group（ rehabilitation group,n = 22） and routine care group（control group,n = 20）. In rehabilitation group,patients received progressively increasing exercise and appropriate psychological intervention. In control group,patients received routine treatment. The medical outcome study short form（ SF-36） scores and 6 min walk distances（6MWDs） were observed in both groups. Results Compared with control group,SF-36 scores were significantly higher（ the physical function,general health,vitality,role-emotion and mental health scores improved significantly）,and the final 6MWDs were longer in the rehabilitation group. There were remarkable positive correlations between the utilization of social support and vitality,emotion,psychological health as well as SF-36 scores. Conclusions Cardiac rehabilitation training and social support can improve QOL for patients after coronary artery bypass grafting.