延边朝鲜族自治州居民主要慢性病及其危险因素

Analysis of situations and trends of chronic diseases epidemic and the risk factors in the population of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture

目的掌握延边朝鲜族自治州(简称延边州)居民慢性病及其危险因素的流行状况和变化趋势,评价延边州卫生相关政策和慢病防控项目的效果。方法采用多阶段抽样方法对延边州18岁以上成年人(3 568)人进行问卷调查和体格测量。结果延边州成年人高血压、糖尿病、心肌梗死、脑卒中、血脂异常标化患病率为分别为23.4%、4.3%、5.0%、3.5%、5.0%;慢性病患病率随着年龄增长呈上升趋势(P<0.001),不同民族之间高血压、脑卒中患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);年龄大、超重、肥胖、饮酒、血脂异常是延边州成年人慢性病的危险因素,在农村居住与身体活动成为慢性病的保护因素。结论高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中是延边州主要的健康问题,应依据目前患病率及影响因素采取相应预防控制措施。

Objective To learn the situations and trends of chronic diseases epidemic and the risk factors in the population of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture,evaluate the effects of the related policies and projects on chronic disease control and prevention,and increase the ability of Diseases Control and Prevention facilities to control and prevent chronic diseases,epidemiological studies were designed and performed. Methods Investigation questionnaire and physical examination were performed on 3568 adults（ 18 years or older） using multistage sampling methods. Results The incidence of hypertension,diabetes,cardiac infarction,stroke,and dyslipidemia in the population of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture were 23. 4%,4. 3%,5. 0%,3. 5% and 5. 0% respectively. The incidence of chronic diseases was significantly increased with aging（ P 〈 0. 001）. The obvious difference（ P 〈 0. 001） on the incidence of hypertension and stroke was observed among various ethnic groups. Aging,overweight,obese,alcohol,and dyslipidemia were the risk factors for chronic disease in adult population in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. Rural lifestyle and physical exercise were protective factors for chronic diseases. Conclusion Hypertension,diabetes,and stroke are the major health issues in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. Depend on the incidence and risk factors,proper measures should be taken to prevent and control chronic diseases.