铁路栓焊钢桥疲劳设计

Fatigue Design of Railway Bolt Welded Steel Bridges in China

简要介绍了我国铁路钢桥由铆接结构发展到栓焊结构的历程。铁路桥梁承载大,结构的荷载效应变化频繁,焊接桥梁构造容易产生疲劳破坏。在1965年铁路栓焊桥梁的发展之初,就开始进行了疲劳试验研究,根据数十年的使用经验和研究资料,给出了疲劳抗力方程和铁路栓焊钢桥疲劳设计的列车疲劳应力、结构疲劳抗力的计算方法以及疲劳应力检算方法。研究成果已应用于铁路桥梁设计中,由于铁路高速、重载的发展方向,研究还有待于进一步深入。

This paper provides a review on the development of railway steel bridges in China,from the age of rivet bridges to bolt welded bridges.Railway train provides large live load on bridges.When the trains are running along the bridge,the effective stress in bridge structures changes frequently,and welded structures may be damaged due to fatigue.In 1965,when bolt welded bridges were used,the study on fatigue theory and fatigue resistance force of bridges started to become popular in China.Through a few decades of research and study,a large number of fatigue test results and applications on bridges are conducted.Based on this,many fatigue resistance formulas,fatigue stress calculation methods at various bridge positions,and fatigue design methods of railway steel bridges are established.The results have been used in steel bridge designs.The study on fatigue of steel bridge is ongoing due to the fast development of high-speed and heavy-load trains.