原型图式的文化嬗变——以圣彼得大教堂与吴哥寺为例

The Cultural Transformation of a Prototype:A Case Study on St.Peter's Basilica and Angkor Wat

作为一种超时空的原型图式,"曼荼罗"广泛存在于不同历史、宗教和地域的文化图像中。通过对古典城市规划与建筑设计实例的比较,归纳出曼荼罗原型图式的抽象模型。依照此模型,选取形制与功能相近的西方圣彼得大教堂和东方吴哥寺,按照原点、边界、十字和轴线四个元素,对二者在空间生成、设计手法、知觉体验等方面的异同进行深入比较,揭示曼荼罗原型图式强大的普适性,并探讨其在不同文化下空间环境表达的差异性。

As a prototype transcending time and space, the mandala can be found in cultural images of different eras in history, religious groups, and geographic areas. The authors create an abstract model of mandala prototype by comparing classical urban planning and architectural design cases. With similar structure and function, St. Peter＇s Basilica of the West and Angkor Wat of the East are selected based on the model. The authors compare the two buildings by four elements： the point of origin, boundary, cross, and axis, and make further exploration on their similarities and differences of space generation, design scheme, and perceptual experience. The paper reveals the universal adaptability of the mandala prototype, analyzes its different manifestations of spatial environment between different cultures.