马一浮孝思想发微

Primary Study on Filial Piety Thought of Ma Yifu

马一浮先生在传统文化受到严重冲击的背景下,致力于儒学体系的重构,把孝置于极高的位置。马一浮的孝有着丰富的内涵和多重意义,涵孝道、孝德与孝行。孝为父子间的天性,与天地同德,与道为一,贯通天道性命。爱为孝之质,孝为为仁之本,统摄诸名,其高妙的境界,在于物我浑同,万物一体于仁。同时,孝为礼乐之原,孝贯通礼乐,孝皆礼乐,礼乐之兴,皆孝悌之达。孝道为体,孝德为相,孝行为用。马一浮从形而上的高度阐述孝道,认为孝是一种抽象的、具有普遍意义的准则,是一种至德;此外,孝还有实践的品格,是形而下的行。孝德通过"仁"上贯为孝道,通过"礼"又下达为孝行。马一浮以仁为本,以礼为用,将孝道、孝德、孝行完美地结合为一体。

Confronting the background of traditional culture suffering from serious impact, Mr. Ma Yifuput filial piety into a very high status so as to reconstruct the Confucianism system. Ma Yifu's filial piety has rich connotation and profound meanings, which embodies Taoism, virtue and practice. Filial piety is the nature between father and son, the same virtue with heaven and earth, and the same one with Taoism,linking up heavenly ways and human life. Love is the essence of filial piety, filial piety is the kernel of benevolence, and filial piety governs all virtues. Ma Yifu elaboratedthat filial piety is a kind of abstract authentic way,supreme virtue and a criterion with universal significance, on the other hand, filial piety also possess the character of practice. Filial piety is up to Taoismthrough benevolence, reflecting as filial piety behavior through the rites,taking benevolence as the ontology, rites as the function, and integrates the Taoism,filial piety moral and practice of filial piety into one perfectly.