手术室护士职业暴露分析与预警应对策略

Analysis in occupational exposure of nurses in operating room and early warning response strategy

目的 分析手术室护士职业暴露以及预警应对策略.方法 对手术室护士职业暴露情况进行分析,并就预警应对措施进行探讨.结果 15例职业暴露中,锐器损伤11例,黏膜暴露4例;职业暴露方式以手术缝合针刺伤居首位,其次是注射针头刺伤,第3位则是传递器械时刺伤;职业暴露部位主要发生于手部、眼部与脚部.另外,发生职业暴露手术室护士中,以护士居首,其次为实习护士,第三则为护师.32名手术室护士对职业暴露的相关知识知晓率为81.3％～100.0％.结论 手术室护士职业暴露的发生率相对较高,而全面加强相关人员的防护知识以及职业安全教育培训、规范操作流程、实施标准预防、建立完善的报告流程以及设立预防职业暴露的预警机制等,则是全面保障手术室护士职业安全的有效途径.

Objective To analyze the occupational exposure of nurses in operating room and early warning response strategy. Methods Occupational exposure of nurses in operating room was an- alyzed, and the early warning response strategy was explored. Results Of 15 cases with occupational exposure, there were 11 cases with sharps injuries and 4 cases with mucosal exposure. In the occupa- tional exposure mode, surgical suture needle stick injuries were the most, and followed by the injection needle stick injuries and the stab when passed instrument. Occupational exposure occurred mainly in the hands, eyes and feet. In addition, the occurrence of occupational exposure in the operating room nurse was the most in nurses, followed by the practice nurses and nurse practitioners. Awareness rate of related knowledge of occupational exposure in the 32 nurses was from 81.3% to 100.0%. Conclu- sion The incidence rate of occupational exposure of nurses in operating room is relatively high, and the overall strengthening of knowledge protection and occupational safety education and training of rele- vant personnel, standard operating procedures, the implementation of standard precautions, establishment and improvement of the reporting process and the establishment of an early warning mechanism to prevent occupational exposure are effective ways to protect the occupational safety of nurses in operating room.