先秦游侠生存背景研究

Research on the Living Background of Rangers in Pre-Qin Period Commodity

先秦游侠的出现是中国武侠所表现出的一种特殊的侠文化现象,游侠的出现有着其复杂的社会、历史、地理和文化的各种因素的综合原因;生活在远离皇权统治中心人民的图腾崇拜和中原人民的歃血为盟,从不同角度表现了我们民族勇武好强的特性;远古时期,在武器的制造和使用方面相对比较单一,这时的人们大多选择用剑,剑的使用轻便,刺挑直击都能运用自如,并且剑的构造简单,制造方便。军事战争的不断演变,剑的实战功能逐渐减退,剑这时变成了先民尚武精神的承载体。游侠是当时特殊的一类社会群体,是游离于统治阶层和平民之间的一类特殊的人,生活在社会的下层,由于社会动荡的原因,游侠这一阶层得到发展,并迅速成熟起来,形成了侠士重义轻命、以利相交两种不同的先秦游侠社会现象。

The ranger appearance has all kinds of factors of the complex social, history, geography and cul- ture. Living away from the center of imperial rule, people＇s totem worship and the people of the Central Plains smear the blood as a sign of the oath showed the root of our national valor strives from different angles. In ancient times, the manufacture and use of weapons was single. At that time, most people chose to use swords, and the structure of the sword is simple and easy to manufacture. The evolving military war, combat sword function drops gradually, and then it became the ancestors of the martial spirit carrier. Due to the social unrest, the rangers of this class have developed rapidly, and become mature. And two social phenomena of different rangers in pre-Qin period appeared： preferring righteousness to life, and making friends on the basis of benefits.